
Photo: J.M.Garg · CC BY 3.0
Hirundo smithii
Rare visitor: recorded only occasionally in this country
Diet
Insects, especially flies, caught in the air
Habitat
Half-bowl mud nest; solitary and territorial
Range
Africa and South Asia; mainly resident, with Pakistan and northern India populations moving south in winter
Clutch size
3–4 eggs in Africa, up to 5 in Asia
Size
18cm
The wire-tailed swallow is a small swallow 18 cm long, with bright blue upperparts, bright white underparts and a chestnut cap, named for the very long filamentous outermost tail feathers that trail behind like two wires. Immature birds lack tail wires and have dull brown, rather than chestnut, caps, and juveniles have a brown crown, back and tail (Wikipedia, general species account).
It is mainly resident, but populations in Pakistan and northern India migrate further south in winter. Fast flyers, the birds feed on insects, especially flies, while airborne. The neat half-bowl nests are lined with mud collected in the beak, and unlike many swallows the birds are solitary and territorial nesters. SoIB 2023 rates it a Low conservation priority, a resident of non-specialised habitat with a Very Large range of about 1.56 million km² and stable trends (Wikipedia, general species account; SoIB 2023).